In programming, data is everything. Whether you are building a website, creating a calculator, or developing an AI model, everything revolves around data.
In Python, data is stored in different forms called data types.
In this lesson, we will cover:
- Numbers (int, float)
- Strings
- Boolean
- Type checking
- Type conversion
- Arithmetic operators
- Comparison operators
- Logical operators
Numeric Data Types
1. Integer (int)
Whole numbers.
age = 25
marks = 90
2. Float
Decimal numbers.
price = 99.99
temperature = 36.5
String Data Type
Strings store text.
name = "Ozone"
college = "Code Zenith"
Strings can use single or double quotes.
Boolean Data Type
Boolean has only two values:
True
False
Example:
is_student = True
is_logged_in = False
Checking Data Type
Use type():
x = 10
print(type(x))
Output:
<class 'int'>
Type Conversion
Convert int to string:
age = 25
age_str = str(age)
Convert string to int:
num = "10"
num_int = int(num)
Arithmetic Operators
a = 10
b = 3print(a + b) # Addition
print(a - b) # Subtraction
print(a * b) # Multiplication
print(a / b) # Division
print(a % b) # Modulus
print(a ** b) # Power
Comparison Operators
a = 10
b = 5print(a > b)
print(a < b)
print(a == b)
print(a != b)
Returns True or False.
Logical Operators
Used to combine conditions.
x = 10print(x > 5 and x < 20)
print(x > 5 or x < 5)
print(not(x > 5))
Mini Project: Simple Calculator
num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))print("Addition:", num1 + num2)
print("Subtraction:", num1 - num2)
print("Multiplication:", num1 * num2)
print("Division:", num1 / num2)Common Mistakes
- Mixing string and int
- Forgetting float conversion
- Confusing == and =
Conclusion
Now you understand:
- Data types
- Operators
- Type conversion
- Simple calculations
Next, we will learn decision-making using conditions.